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A TBI is caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head or a penetrating head injury that disrupts the normal function of the brain. Not all blows or jolts to the head result in a TBI. The severity of a TBI may range from “mild,” i.e., a brief change in mental status or consciousness to “severe,” i.e., an extended period of unconsciousness or amnesia after the injury.

 

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in the United States, contributing to about 30% of all injury deaths.1  Every day, 138 people in the United States die from injuries that include TBI.  Those who survive a TBI can face effects lasting a few days to disabilities which may last the rest of their lives.  Effects of TBI can include impaired thinking or memory, movement, sensation (e.g., vision or hearing), or emotional functioning (e.g., personality changes, depression).  These issues not only affect individuals but can have lasting effects on families and communities.

 

http://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/basics.html

 

 

Risk factors for TBI

Among TBI-related deaths in 2006–2010:

• Men were nearly three times as likely to die as women.

• Rates were highest for persons 65 years and older.

• The leading cause of TBI-related death varied by age.

  • Falls were the leading cause of death for persons 65 years or older.

  • Motor vehicle crashes were the leading cause for children and young adults ages 5-24 years.

  • Assaults were the leading cause for children ages 0-4.

Among non-fatal TBI-related injuries for 2006–2010:

• Men had higher rates of TBI hospitalizations and ED visits than women.

• Hospitalization rates were highest among persons aged 65 years and older.

• Rates of ED visits were highest for children aged 0-4 years.

• Falls were the leading cause of TBI-related ED visits for all but one age group.

  • Assaults were the leading cause of TBI-related ED visits for persons 15 to 24 years of age.

• The leading cause of TBI-related hospitalizations varied by age:

  • Falls were the leading cause among children ages 0-14 and adults 45 years and older.

  • Motor vehicle crashes were the leading cause of hospitalizations for adolescents and persons ages 15-44 years.                          

  •                                       http://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/get_the_facts.html